Phrasal Verb (สำนวนกริยาวลี) คือ สำนวนที่ประกอบด้วยคำกริยาและตามด้วยคำบุพบท กลายเป็นกริยาคำใหม่ที่มีความหมายมากขึ้น โดยที่คำกริยาข้างหน้านั้นยังสามารถผันรูปได้ตามปกติ phrasal verbs พื้นฐานที่ควรรู้ไว้มีดังต่อไปนี้

 

ask for    ขอ            I went up to the bar and asked for a beer.

be back    กลับมา            She’ll be back on Monday.

belong to    เป็นของ        Does this book belong to you?

break down    เสีย            Peter was very late because his car broke down.

carry on    ทำต่อไป        Carry on until you get to the junction, then turn left.

come back    กลับมา            Go away and don’t come back!

come on    มาเร็ว            Come on! Everybody is waiting for you.

cross out    ขีดออก        If you make a mistake, cross it out.

depend on    ขึ้นอยู่กับ        It depends on the type of room.

drive away    ขับรถออกไป        Ann got into the car and drove away.

fall down    ร่วงหล่น        The picture fell down.

fall off        หล่น            A button had fallen off her jacket.

fall over    สะดุดล้ม        When babies try to walk, they sometimes fall over.

fill in        กรอก            Can you fill in this form, please?

get on        เป็นไป            How are you getting on in your new job?

get up        ตื่นนอน        I usually get up early.

give back    คืนให้            Could you give me back my pen?

give up    เลิก/ยอมแพ้        I know it’s difficult but don’t give up.

                    David gave up smoking five years ago.

go away    ไปที่อื่น        Gary has gone away for a few days.

go back    กลับ            I think we ought to go back now.

go in        เข้าไป            He waited outside. He didn’t go in.

go on        ไปต่อเรื่อยๆ        The noise goes on 24 hours a day.

got on        ขึ้นรถ (รถบัส/รถไฟ)    The bus arrived and I got on.    

got out    ลงรถ            The car stopped and a woman got out.

grow up    โตขึ้น            I grew up in Chicago.

happen to    เกิดขึ้น            What happened to Jim last night?

hold on    รอเดี๋ยว/ถือสาย    Can you hold on a minute?

hurry up    เร็วๆ เข้า        Hurry up! We haven’t got much time.

knock down    ทุบทิ้ง            They are going to knock down the building.

knock over    ชนล้ม            A man was knocked over by a car.

lie down    นอนลง            I want to lie down on the sofa.

listen to    ฟัง            Please listen to me.

look after    ดูแล            Have a nice holiday and look after yourself.

look round    หันกลับ        Somebody shouted my name, so I looked round.

look at        มองดู            Look at these flowers! They’re beautiful.

look for    มองหา            I’m looking for Mary. Have you seen her?

look out    มองออกไป        She went to the window and looked out.

        ระวัง            Look out! There’s a car coming!

look up    มองขึ้นไป        We looked up at the stars.

        ค้นหาคำ        Look the word up in your dictionary.

pay back    คืนเงิน            I’ll pay you back next week.        

pick up    หยิบขึ้นมา        The phone rang and I picked it up.

put away    เก็บที่เดิม        The children put their toys away.

put back    เก็บคืน/ใส่คืน        If you use something, put it back!

put down    วางลง            He stopped reading and put his book down.

put on        สวมใส่            It was cold, so I put on my coat.

put out    ดับไฟ            The fire brigade arrived and put the fire out.

ring up    โทรหา            Susan rang me up last night.

run away    วิ่งหนี            The thief ran away.

show around    พาเที่ยวรอบๆ        Harrison showed her around the house.

sit down    นั่งลง            Would you like to sit down?

slow down    ช้าลง            You’re driving too fast. Slow down.

speak to    พูดกับ            Can I speak to Alex please?

speak up    พูดให้ดังขึ้น        Can you speak up a bit?

stand up    ยืนขึ้น            There were no seats left so I had to stand up.

switch off    ปิดไฟ            She switched off the television.

switch on    เปิดไฟ            He switched on the light.

take back    เอากลับไปคืน        If the shirt doesn’t fit, take it back.

take off    ถอดออก        I’m going to take off my shoes.

เครื่องบินขึ้น        The plane took off 15 minutes late.

talk to        พูดกับ            Peter is talking to Jane.

thank for    ขอบคุณสำหรับ    Thank you very much for your help.

think about    คิดเรื่อง        We’re thinking about going to Hawaii next year.

think of    คิดเรื่อง        He is thinking of buying a new car.

throw away    โยนทิ้ง            I shouldn’t have thrown away the receipt.

try on        ลองใส่            Meg was trying on some red sandals.

turn down    เบาเสียง        Can you turn it down?

turn off    ปิดไฟ            Don’t forget to turn the lights off when you leave.

turn on    เปิดไฟ            Jake turned on his computer and checked his mail.

turn over    พลิก            Turn over and look at the next page.

turn round    วนกลับ            Turn round and let me look at your back.

wait for    รอ            Wait for me!

wake up    ตื่น            James usually wakes up early.

wash up    ล้างจาน        Do you want me to wash up?        

watch out    ระวัง            Watch out! There's a car coming!

write to    เขียนถึง        I’m writing a letter to Denis.